The Sun experienced the second-strongest flare of the year.

      On Friday, November 14, an X4.05-class flare was detected on the Sun — the second-strongest energy release of all of 2025. It occurred in the same region as the record X5.15 flare that caused a strong geomagnetic storm on Earth on November 12–13. Scientists note that, in size, this solar region is small, but for several consecutive weeks it has been producing one powerful flare after another. In total, six X-class flares have been recorded recently. At first, specialists believed the new flare posed no threat to Earth: the region was at an angle and the main plasma ejection passed by. However, on November 15 scientific instruments recorded another part of the ejection — faster and directed closer to the Sun–Earth line. This prompted renewed discussion among experts. Different global space weather centers are giving conflicting forecasts: NOAA has already changed its assessment several times; NASA indicates a very wide range of possible consequences — from minor disturbances to a strong storm; Russian specialists remind that this solar region has behaved unpredictably more than once. At present, scientists consider a weak impact on Earth most likely, but a more significant effect cannot be completely ruled out.